The Three Sisters method is known as companion planting, with three plants growing symbiotically to deter weeds and pests, enrich the soil, and support each other. For centuries they have been the center of Native American agriculture and culinary traditions.
Corn provides tall stalks for the beans to climb so that they are not out-competed by sprawling squash vines.
Beans provide nitrogen to fertilize the soil while also stabilizing the tall corn during heavy winds.
The large leaves of squash plants shade the ground which helps retain soil moisture and prevent weeds.
This method of interplanting introduces biodiversity, which does many things—from attracting pollinators to making the land richer instead of stripping it of nutrients.